SHOLAT JENAZAH
Hukum Dan Kewajiban
- Shalat jenazah bagi Muslim adalah fardlu kifayah, artinya wajib dilakukan minimal oleh satu orang. Jika sengaja tak ada yang melaksanakannya, dosa menimpa umat Islam secara umum.
- Merupakan salah satu kewajiban kifayah bersama memandikan, mengafani, dan mengubur jenazah.
- Tata caranya berbeda dengan shalat biasa karena tidak ada gerakan ruku’, i’tidal, dan sujud.
Rukun Shalat Jenazah
Harus dilaksanakan: niat, empat kali takbir, berdiri (jika mampu), membaca Surat Al-Fatihah, membaca shalawat Nabi SAW setelah takbir kedua, doa untuk jenazah setelah takbir ketiga, dan salam.
Tata Cara Berurutan
1. Niat: Wajib digetarkan di hati; jika dilafalkan, ada perbedaan lafal untuk jenazah laki-laki dan perempuan.
2. Takbir pertama: Dilanduti membaca Surat Al-Fatihah.
3. Takbir kedua: Dilanduti membaca shalawat Nabi SAW; disarankan untuk melanjutkannya dengan doa shalawat yang lebih panjang seperti yang diberikan.
4. Takbir ketiga: Dilanduti doa untuk jenazah; ada perbedaan lafal untuk laki-laki dan perempuan.
5. Takbir keempat: Dilanduti bacaan yang memohon agar umat tidak kehilangan pahala jenazah dan tidak tergodaan setelahnya; ada perbedaan lafal untuk laki-laki dan perempuan.
6. Salam: Mengucapkan salam dengan lafal yang telah ditentukan
ENGLISH
FUNERAL PRAYER
Ruling and Obligations
- The funeral prayer for Muslims is fardhu kifayah, meaning it is obligatory to be performed by at least one person. If intentionally no one performs it, the sin falls on the Muslim community in general.
- It is one of the collective obligations along with bathing the deceased, shrouding the body, and burying the deceased.
- Its procedure is different from regular prayer because there are no movements of bowing (ruku'), standing upright after bowing (i'tidal), and prostrating (sujud).
Components of the Funeral Prayer
Must be performed: intention (niat), four takbirs (declarations of Allah's greatness), standing (if able), reciting Surah Al-Fatihah, reciting blessings (shalawat) upon the Prophet Muhammad SAW after the second takbir, supplication for the deceased after the third takbir, and greeting (salam).
Step-by-Step Procedure
1. Intention: Must be held in the heart; if recited verbally, there are different phrases for male and female deceased.
2. First takbir: Followed by reciting Surah Al-Fatihah.
3. Second takbir: Followed by reciting blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad SAW; it is recommended to continue with a longer blessing supplication as provided.
4. Third takbir: Followed by supplication for the deceased; there are different phrases for male and female deceased.
5. Fourth takbir: Followed by a recitation that prays for the community not to be deprived of the deceased's reward and not to be tested after their passing; there are different phrases for male and female deceased.
6. Greeting (salam): Conveying the greeting with the specified phrase