NAJISKAH GENANGAN AIR DAN LUMPUR DI JALANAN?
- Pertanyaan Utama: Apakah genangan air dan lumpur di jalanan itu suci atau najis?
- Pembagian Kategori Lumpur Jalanan (Menurut Imam an-Nawawi):
- Pertama: Lumpur yang diyakini kesuciannya, hukumnya suci.
- Kedua: Lumpur yang diduga kuat (namun tidak diyakini) terkontaminasi najis, terdapat dua pendapat:
- Pendapat 1: Najis.
- Pendapat 2: Suci.
- Ketiga: Lumpur yang diyakini najis, ditolerir (ma'fu) jika hanya sedikit yang mengenai pakaian. Ini karena kesulitan yang akan dialami jika setiap terkena lumpur harus membasuhnya.
- Inti Jawaban: Status hukum genangan air dan lumpur di jalanan tergantung pada keyakinan kita terhadap keberadaan najis di dalamnya. Jika yakin suci, maka suci. Jika yakin najis, maka najisnya ditolerir jika sedikit. Jika hanya menduga kuat ada najis, ada perbedaan pendapat ulama
PENTING
Inti nya najis gak tergantung jumlah dan keyakinan mu yang tidak meng ada² (air kencing najis. Darah najis dsb)
ENGLISH
IS PUDDLED WATER AND MUD ON THE STREET NAJIS (IMPURE)?
- Main Question: Is the water and mud on the street considered pure or impure (najis)?
- Categories of Street Mud (According to Imam an-Nawawi):
- First: Mud that is believed to be pure is considered pure.
- Second: Mud that is suspected (but not certain) to be contaminated with impurities, there are two opinions:
- Opinion 1: Impure (najis).
- Opinion 2: Pure.
- Third: Mud that is known to be impure (najis) is tolerated (ma'fu) if only a small amount gets on clothing. This is due to the difficulty that would be experienced if one had to wash every time they came into contact with mud.
- Key Takeaway: The legal status of water and mud on the street depends on the belief about the presence of impurities in it. If it is believed to be pure, then it is pure. If it is known to be impure, the impurity is tolerated if it is a small amount. If there is only a strong suspicion of impurity, there is a difference of opinion among scholars
IMPORTANT: The essence is that whether something is impure (najis) doesn't solely depend on the amount or your unfounded beliefs (e.g., urine is impure, blood is impure, etc.)
DALIL
قَالَ إمَامُ الْحَرَمَيْنِ وَغَيْرُهُ فِي طِينِ الشَّوَارِعِ الَّذِي يَغْلِبُ عَلَى الظَّنِّ نَجَاسَتُ قَوْلَانِ: أَحَدُهُمَا يُحْكَمُ بِنَجَاسَتِهِ: وَالثَّانِي بِطَهَارَتِهِ
بِنَاءً عَلَى تَعَارُضِ الْأَصْلِ وَالظَّاهِرِ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ كَانَ شَيْخِي يَقُولُ وَإِذَا تَيَقَّنَّا نَجَاسَةَ طِينِ الشَّوَارِعِ فَلَا خِلَافَ فِي
الْعَفْوِ عَنْ الْقَلِيلِ الَّذِي يَلْحَقُ ثياب الطارقين فان الناس لابد لَهُمْ مِنْ الِانْتِشَارِ فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ فَلَوْ كَلَّفْنَاهُمْ الْغُسْلَ لَعَظُمَتْ
الْمَشَقَّةُ
“Imam al-Haramain dan selainnya membahas persoalan lumpur jalanan. Bahwa
lumpur yang diduga kuat terkontaminasi oleh najis memiliki dua pendapat:
Pertama hukumnya najis dan Kedua hukumnya suci memandang pertentangan hukum
asal dan realitanya. Imam al-Haramain berkata: Guruku menjelaskan bahwa ketika
lumpur jalanan yakin atas kenajisannya, maka tidak ada pertentangan bahwa masih
ditolerir apabila yang mengenai pakaian orang yang lewat masih dianggap
sedikit. Karena sesungguhnya manusia tidak terlepas untuk membutuhkan aktivitas
di sekitarnya. Apabila kita membebankan untuk membasuhnya, maka sangat besar
kesulitan yang terjadi.” (Al-Majmu’
Syarh al-Muhadzdzab, vol. I hlm. 209)
Imam al-Haramain and others discuss the issue of street mud. Regarding mud that is strongly suspected of being contaminated by impurities, there are two opinions: The first is that it is impure (najis), and the second is that it is pure, considering the conflict between the original legal principle and the reality. Imam al-Haramain said: "My teacher explained that when street mud is certainly impure, there is no disagreement that it is still tolerated if what gets on the clothes of passersby is considered little. Indeed, people cannot avoid needing to be active in their surroundings. If we burden them to wash it off, it would cause great difficulty." (Al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhadzdzab, vol. I, p. 209)
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