Menurut Syekh Nawawi Al-Bantani dalam kitab Nur Adh-Dholam halaman 111, setiap orang yang sudah baligh dan berakal (bukan orang gila/anak kecil) wajib mengetahui nasab Rasulullah ﷺ: dari jalur ayah hingga sampai ke Sayyid Adnan, dan dari jalur ibu hingga sampai ke Kilab. Sebab, garis nasab ayah dan ibu beliau bersatu pada Sayyid Kilab hingga ke Sayyid Adnan.
Berikut nasab beliau dari jalur ayah:
Nabi Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Muthalib (nama asli Syaibah) bin Hasyim (Amr) bin Abdi Manaf (Mughirah) bin Qushay (Zaid) bin Kilab (Muhaddzab) bin Murrah bin Ka'ab bin Lu'ay bin Ghalib bin Fihr bin Malik bin Nadhr (Quraisy) bin Kinanah bin Khuzaimah bin Mudrikah bin Ilyas bin Mudar bin Nazar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan.
Sedangkan dari jalur ibu, nasab beliau adalah:
Nabi Muhammad bin Aminah binti Wahab bin Abdi Manaf bin Zuhrah bin Kilab.
Dari sinilah pertemuan dua garis nasab ayah dan ibu beliau sama-sama bertemu di Kilab.
Menurut Imam Abu Hatim, tidak ada perselisihan di kalangan ulama mengenai kebenaran nasab beliau hingga sampai ke Sayyid Adnan. Namun, untuk garis nasab dari Sayyid Adnan ke Nabi Ibrahim, terdapat banyak perbedaan riwayat. Bahkan Imam Malik pun menolak pendapat yang memanjangkan (pendapat. Kehati harian karena belum jelas siapa nama2 nya/mengatakan zina malah dosa besar) nasab beliau hingga langsung ke Nabi Adam a.s.
Nasab Rasulullah ﷺ sungguhlah nasab yang sangat mulia dari deretan orang-orang mulia. Dalam kitab Ad-Dur Al-Ma'tsur juz 4 halaman 327, Imam As-Suyuti mengutip dua hadits mulia:
Pertama, riwayat Imam Ibnu Sa'ad dan Imam Ibnu Asakir dari Ibnu Abbas r.a.:
Rasulullah ﷺ bersabda: "Aku lahir beruntun dari Nabi Adam melalui pernikahan yang sah, sekalipun tidak pernah ada yang lahir dari perbuatan zina."
Kedua, riwayat Imam Ibnu Mardawih dari Sahabat Anas r.a.:
Ketika Rasulullah ﷺ membaca ayat "Sungguh telah datang kepadamu seorang Rasul dari golongan kalian", Sayyidina Ali bin Abi Thalib r.a. bertanya: "Wahai Rasulullah, apa makna 'dari golongan kalian' itu?"
Rasulullah ﷺ menjawab: "Aku adalah yang paling utama di antara kalian dari segi nasab, hubungan keluarga, dan kemuliaan. Aku dan semua leluhurku sejak Nabi Adam tidak pernah lahir dari zina, semuanya lahir dari pernikahan yang sah."
Semoga Allah senantiasa melimpahkan shalawat dan salam kepada junjungan kita, Sayyid Muhammad ﷺ, keluarga, serta para sahabatnya
ENGLISH
THE NOBLE LINEAGE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD ﷺ
According to Shaykh Nawawi Al-Bantani in his book Nur Adh-Dholam (page 111), every person who has reached the age of maturity and sound mind is obliged to know the lineage of the Prophet ﷺ: tracing his paternal line up to Sayyid Adnan, and his maternal line up to Kilab. This is because both his paternal and maternal ancestries converge at Sayyid Kilab and continue onward to Sayyid Adnan.
His lineage through his father is as follows:
Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Muthalib (born Syaibah) bin Hasyim (Amr) bin Abdi Manaf (Mughirah) bin Qushay (Zaid) bin Kilab (Muhaddzab) bin Murrah bin Ka'ab bin Lu'ay bin Ghalib bin Fihr bin Malik bin Nadhr (Quraisy) bin Kinanah bin Khuzaimah bin Mudrikah bin Ilyas bin Mudar bin Nazar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan.
Through his mother, his lineage is:
Prophet Muhammad bin Aminah binti Wahab bin Abdi Manaf bin Zuhrah bin Kilab.
This is the exact point where his two ancestral lines meet.
According to Imam Abu Hatim, there is no disagreement among scholars regarding the authenticity of his lineage up to Sayyid Adnan. However, there are differing narrations for the line extending from Sayyid Adnan back to Prophet Ibrahim a.s. In fact, Imam Malik discouraged extending the lineage further directly to Prophet Adam a.s., exercising caution as those names are not clearly established, and incorrect claims carry grave spiritual risk.
The lineage of the Prophet ﷺ is truly noble, descending through generations of honorable people. In Ad-Dur Al-Ma'tsur (vol. 4, p. 327), Imam As-Suyuti records two blessed hadiths:
First, narrated by Imam Ibnu Sa'ad and Imam Ibnu Asakir, from Ibnu Abbas r.a.:
The Prophet ﷺ said: "I have come down in unbroken succession from Prophet Adam through lawful marriage never was any ancestor of mine born from unlawful relations."
Second, narrated by Imam Ibnu Mardawih, from Companion Anas r.a.:
When the Prophet ﷺ recited the verse "Indeed, a Messenger has come to you from among yourselves," Sayyidina Ali bin Abi Thalib r.a. asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what does 'from among yourselves' mean?"
The Prophet ﷺ replied: "I am the most distinguished of you in lineage, kinship, and honor. From Prophet Adam onward, neither I nor any of my forefathers were ever born from sin every birth was from a lawful marriage."
May Allah send abundant peace and blessings upon our master, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, his family, and all his companions
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